ADInstruments
 ADResearch by ADInstruments
  Japanese site Chinese site
HOME ABOUT US PARTNERS MEDIA CONTACT US
 
 
News
 
Why ADInstruments
 
Applications
 
Products
 
Online Store
 
Downloads
 
Training & Support
Application Pages
PowerLab Citations
Tip of the Month
Technique Notes
Product Manuals
Support Pages
Service & Support Plan
Quality & Safety
Training Services
 
Citation Database
 
Links
 
   Events        Product List        Brochures        Request Price        User Profile        Register   

SCSI

SCSI connector, termination switch and SCSI ID

SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) allows you to connect external devices such as disk drives, scanners, printers, and some PowerLabs to your computer. SCSI provides reliable, fast data transfer but there are a few peculiarities that are useful to know about. These include SCSI termination, ID conflicts, cards, drivers and cables.

SCSI Compatible PowerLabs and MacLabs
PowerLabs have either SCSI, USB, high speed USB, serial connectors or a combination of these. The latest PowerLabs have USB only. The following table lists PowerLab models and their respective interface(s).

Serial only SCSI only SCSI & USB USB only High Speed USB or earlier
/4, /8
 
/4S, /8S, /16S
/2e, /4e, /8e
/200, /400, /800
/410, /415
/4SP, /8SP, /16SP
/4ST
2/20,  4/20
2/25,  4/25
4/20T
4/25T
8/30,  16/30
 

 
SCSI-Compatible Windows Computers
The majority of Windows computers come with built-in USB rather than SCSI. However, most Windows computers support SCSI cards via an ISA, PCI, or PCMCIA bus, and Windows 95, 98, ME, 2000 and XP come with built-in SCSI drivers which support a wide range of SCSI cards. If you are unsure whether your computer supports SCSI, ask your local computer dealer. For further information on using USB see the USB support page.

SCSI-Compatible Macintosh Computers
With the introduction of the iMac and Blue & White G3, Apple have made USB their standard interface. Apple no longer ship Macintosh computers with built-in SCSI. However, older machines will have SCSI built-in and any PowerPC that has a PCI or PCMCIA slot will take a SCSI card. The only PowerPCs that do not support SCSI cards are the iMacs and the iBook. These have built-in USB and can be used with ADInstruments USB PowerLabs. See the USB support page for more information. We do not recommend using a USB to SCSI adapter with PowerLab. For more information, see the USB - SCSI adapter support page.

SCSI ID Conflict
It is possible to have a number of devices connected together via SCSI to your computer. This is called a SCSI daisy chain. Each device on this chain needs to have a unique ID number allocated to it before your computer is turned on. To complicate matters, your computer may also reserve some SCSI ID numbers. The computer itself uses ID 7. If you have an internal SCSI device, such as a hard disk or CD-ROM drive, then this will also be allocated a SCSI ID number. If the ID number of any device is the same as any other, including those used by the computer, then you will get a "SCSI ID conflict" and your SCSI device, including your PowerLab, will not be recognized. Even if the PowerLab is the only SCSI device connected to your computer, then you need to ensure it has a unique ID. PowerLabs are shipped with their SCSI ID number set to 4 as this ID is typically not used by other devices. The SCSI ID should not be reset unless the PowerLab is turned off. There are buttons on the back of your PowerLab that allow you to set the SCSI ID number from 0 to 7. If you are having trouble getting your PowerLab recognized, try another number and refer to your PowerLab Owner's Guide. This contains a comprehensive section on SCSI and your PowerLab.

When your computer starts up it will look on the SCSI bus to see if there are any SCSI devices connected. This only occurs at start-up, so if your PowerLab is not connected with a unique ID and turned on, then it will not be seen by the computer. If your PowerLab is not recognized, your ADInstruments software will ask you if you want to use Analysis Mode or scan for a PowerLab. Before scanning, you need to ensure you have a unique SCSI ID and that your PowerLab is turned on.

In Windows, if you do connect your PowerLab after you have booted your computer, then you can force Windows 95, 98, ME, 2000 and XP to search for SCSI devices by using the device manager. If a rescan does not work, then try rebooting your computer, again with the PowerLab turned on and with a unique SCSI ID.

You can use Analysis Mode any time as it does not require any interaction with the PowerLab.

SCSI devices, including PowerLabs, also require SCSI drivers to be installed on the computer before the device is recognized. ADInstruments applications (LabChart, Scope) install the appropriate drivers for PowerLab. Therefore, you need to install your ADInstruments application before connecting your PowerLab, otherwise it may not be recognized when you boot your machine.

SCSI Termination
SCSI devices must be terminated before they will work reliably. This is because the high-speed signals used by SCSI will reflect back from an unterminated connector and cause data corruption. Termination problems can result in strange behaviour and unexplained crashes.

Terminating PowerLabs
There are two types of PowerLab SCSI interfaces. One has two SCSI connectors (50 pin), and the other has a single SCSI connector (25 pin).

  • Two SCSI Connectors - these PowerLabs do not have a termination switch and must be terminated in one of two ways. You can either connect a 25 pin terminator (as supplied with your PowerLab), to the second connector, or you can connect another SCSI device (such as another PowerLab), to the second SCSI connector.
    Note: the final device in any daisy chain must be terminated.

  • Single SCSI Connector and Termination Switch - to terminate these PowerLabs, simply ensure that the termination switch is on (down). These PowerLabs are usually the last device in any daisy chain or the only SCSI device connected to your computer. If required, single SCSI PowerLabs can be daisy chained using a T-cable adapter.

SCSI Cards (Adapters) and Drivers
If you do not have SCSI built in to your computer and you want to use a SCSI PowerLab, then you will need to use a SCSI card (also known as a SCSI adapter). If you are using a SCSI card then you may need to install a SCSI driver for that card. If appropriate SCSI card drivers are not installed, then your SCSI card will not be recognised by your computer and your PowerLab will not be recognised either. The appropriate SCSI card for PowerLabs is available from your nearest ADInstruments representative.

Windows
If you are using Windows 95, 98, ME, 2000 or XP the driver may already be available as part of your operating system. If not, you may be able to download the driver from the card manufacturer's web site.

As well as the appropriate drivers, Windows computers also require ASPI to allow applications to talk to SCSI devices. Windows 98 and 95 install ASPI files as part of the operating system. Windows NT4, 2000 and XP do not. ASPI files may already be installed on these computers, however, for another reason. ASPI is also shipped on the ADInstruments software installer CD along with a read me file outlining how to install ASPI. ADInstruments supply Adaptec 2906 SCSI cards for SCSI PowerLabs that are to be used with Windows. 

Macintosh
ADInstruments supply the Adaptec 2906 SCSI adapter with SCSI PowerLabs that are to be used with a Macintosh. The latest Adaptec SCSI card drivers can be downloaded from the Products section of the Adaptec web site: www.adaptec.com.

Make sure that you download and use the appropriate drivers for your SCSI card and system. For more information on SCSI cards compatible with PowerLabs, contact your local ADInstruments representative.

SCSI Cables
The quality of your SCSI cable is important for reliable data transfer. To maximise the reliability of your PowerLab system, always use an approved, high-quality SCSI cable. Using a non-standard, poor-quality cable will only result in unreliability and frustration. To improve reliability, minimise the number of SCSI devices and connectors used, avoid joining cables together, and minimise cable length.

 
SCSI Do's and Don'ts

  • Never connect or disconnect your PowerLab to or from your computer while the PowerLab is turned on. You should always turn your computer off before connecting or disconnecting your SCSI cable to or from your computer.

  • Always use a good quality, standard SCSI cable.

  • Always obey termination and SCSI ID rules for your SCSI devices.

Problems with SCSI PowerLabs?
If you are having problems getting your SCSI PowerLab recognised, your data is being lost, or sampling is prematurely interrupted, then here are some things you can check.

  • Check that your PowerLab is properly connected (the connectors are not loose), and it is turned on. If you are happy with this, try rebooting your system with the PowerLab connected and turned on.
  • Check that you connected up your PowerLab to your computer and turned it on before starting up your computer.
  • Check that you have your ADInstruments software installed. You can check that it is installed properly by running the software with the PowerLab turned off. The program will ask you if you want to run in Analysis Mode or scan for a PowerLab. If you can run the program in Analysis Mode then your software is correctly installed.
  • Check that you have a unique SCSI ID number. Try changing to another ID number, then turn your PowerLab off and on, reboot your machine or scan for SCSI devices, and run your ADInstruments application again.
  • Check that your PowerLab is correctly terminated either using the termination switch (if you have one), or a SCSI terminator (supplied with your PowerLab), or another SCSI device is connected to the PowerLabs second SCSI connector. If you have a SCSI daisy chain, check that the last device in the chain is properly terminated.
  • Check that you are using an approved SCSI cable. Try the cable with another SCSI device or try another cable that you know is working, with the PowerLab.
  • If you are using a SCSI card, check that the SCSI card is installed properly with appropriate drivers and operating system. If the SCSI card is not working, then your PowerLab will not work either.
  • If you have upgraded or changed your version of software, then make sure that you turn your PowerLab off and on again before using the different version.
  • If you have multiple devices daisy chained, then remove all of them except your PowerLab and try again. You can then add them back in one at a time.
  • Check that you are using the latest version of software. To check the latest versions, see the Software Updates page. Latest versions of software provide improved support not only for existing hardware, but also for new hardware. Changes in computer architecture and other hardware, like SCSI cards may not be supported in older versions of software.
  • Check that you do not have multiple copies of the different ADInstruments software on your machine. This can cause conflicts to occur between the different versions, or the old version may be run by mistake. You can check what version of software you are using in the software's 'About' dialog box.
  • Check your PowerLab Owner's Guide. It has a comprehensive section on SCSI PowerLabs and how to connect them.

If you are still having problems, send us a technical assistance request detailing your query.

Check out the ADInstruments Page on Facebook
Download LabChart Reader for Free and see the new Features of LabChart 6
ADResearch - Fast Tracking Research ADResearch by ADInstruments - Research Solutions for academic institutions, government organizations and private industry.
ADInstruments RSS News Feeds RSS  •  INTENDED USE  •  PRIVACY  •  LEGAL  •  SITE MAP  •  USER PROFILE  •  REGISTER